宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如: I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如: a) She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么。 b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。 (3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如: She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她对我说她会接受我的邀请。 2. 作介词的宾语,例如: Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。 3. 作形容词的宾语,例如: I am afraid (that) I've made a mistake. 我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。 注意:that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语:anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised,
worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状
语从句。 4. it 可以作为形式宾语 it 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如: We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。 5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不
定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如: 正确表达:I admire their winning the match. 错误表达:I admire that they won the match. 6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句”结构中,常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise,
congratulate等。例如: 正确表达:He impressed the manager as an honest man. 错误表达:He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. 7. 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移
到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。例如: I don't think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 |